Technology does not always survive commercially by outperforming its competitors. While natural selection might ensure that a particular species survives while another becomes extinct, no such force exists in the area of consumer preference. Otherwise the Betamax format might be remembered as something other than a failure.

The Video Cassette Recorders- VCRS first became widely available in 1972. The Philips Video Cassette Recording system might have been innovative, but it did not prove to have much staying power. Price might have been part of the problem as consumers could have been hesitant to fork over more than $2000 for a new and unproven technology.

By 1975 the marketplace had shifted and selling VCRs to the public became a profitable endeavor. The idea of bringing a portable movie studio into living rooms proved exciting to the public, while Hollywood Executives predicted that the machine could destroy their industry.

Luckily for movie lovers bringing VCRs into homes proved to have the opposite effect of destroying the movie industry. VCRs became a staple in homes, and the only question that remained was VHS or Beta?

The Betamax emerged first on the market and offered superior picture and sound. VHS offered two hours of recording time. Quantity won out over quality as the public desired time to record movies and television events.

But pricing and marketing also doomed Sony’s VCR. VHS was cheaper, and once JVC’s VCR began to gain market share it partnered with movie studios to offer a wider selection of offerings. Despite being first and better quality, Betamax proved to be the lesser of the two VCR offerings. By the 1990s the Beta was a dead technology.

While Beta had a short shelf life, the format war between the two systems has become a marketing case study. The rapid introduction of new technologies to the market place means that companies will always remember the lessons of the Sony Betamax, while desperately hoping that their products do not suffer a similar fate.